Why does a 95-degree day in some parts of Texas feel hotter than the same temperature elsewhere? Why do dry heat and humid heat feel so different, and how does this affect your strategy for home energy efficiency? While there are many common ways to achieve energy efficiency across all warm climates, there are important differences that vary by geography.
The Humidity Factor
Generally speaking, when there’s more moisture in the air, the temperature feels hotter because moist air is closer to saturation than dry air. On a humid day, when the air is saturated with water, evaporation is much slower.
In warm climates, the majority of energy used to make the home feel comfortable is spent on home air conditioning and cooling. The first priority is heat reduction. However, in humid areas, moisture reduction is nearly as important as lowering the indoor air temperature. If a home has too much moisture, indoor air quality can be compromised and mold and mildew problems can develop.
Both of these processes can be energy intensive, but smart homeowners know how to cut costs by focusing on efficiency.
Energy Efficiency
The first line of energy defense is to ensure that your home is properly insulated and sealed in order to keep the heat and humidity that surround the house from getting inside. Leaky ducts, windows and doors can cause energy loss, making the HVAC system work much harder to wring the moisture out of the air and exacerbate potential indoor air quality issues. Homes that are sealed tight are easier to keep cool and dry.
Next make sure your HVAC system is the right size. The Department of Energy estimates that most current residential systems are oversized. If your unit is too big, you will pay higher energy bills, and you won’t get the efficiency level or comfort you want and expect. It’s also likely that the unit is short cycling, constantly turning off and on, never achieving optimum efficiency. When the unit runs in short bursts, it will not operate long enough to eliminate all of the humidity in your home.
Damp, cool indoor air creates a muggy atmosphere that can lead to the growth of mold and mildew. This can be a particular concern for those who suffer from allergies, as many allergens thrive in damp conditions.
DIY Humidity Reduction
There are some basic steps you can take to lower the humidity in your home to help make it feel cooler and more comfortable. Start by reducing the humidity you already produce. Kitchens and bathrooms are the biggest contributors to higher humidity levels. Check to ensure that your range hood is ducted to the outside, as recirculating range hoods are not effective in controlling moisture (or odors).
When cooking, and especially when boiling water, run the vent fan. In the bathroom, run the vent fan when bathing or showering. Keep the fan on up to 30 minutes after you have finished in order to eliminate the residual moisture in the air.
If you can reduce the indoor humidity level, you may be able to maintain a comfortable indoor temperature with a higher thermostat setting and ceiling fans. The air movement from the ceiling fan will create a wind chill effect, increasing comfort.
Finally, check gutters and downspouts for leaks or blockages. If rainwater leaks out and saturates the ground surrounding your home, some of the moisture can eventually migrate into your house.
